Clinical and Radiological Characteristics of Oro-Antral Communications/Fistulae Due to Implant Dentistry Procedures

 




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  • In this retrospective cross-sectional study evaluating sequelae of oro–antral communications / fistulae (OAC/OAF) due to implant dentistry etiology (IDE) compared with other etiologies, multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that IDE patients were more likely: to have a foreign body (OR, 21.04; P < .01); to have liquid passage through the OAF (OR, 11.40; P = .02); more purulent discharge through the fistula (OR, 3.52; P = .05); and be older (OR, 1.07; P = .02). Individuals in the IDE group were far more likely to develop pansinusitis and significantly more likely to complain of facial pain prior to the surgical intervention than individuals in the other etiologies group.

  • The presence of a foreign body in the maxillary sinus leads to a foreign body reaction, infection, and impedance of drainage. The authors concluded that clinical and radiological sequelae of OAC/OAF due to implant dentistry procedures are more severe compared with those due to other etiologies and that early localization and removal of the foreign body can avoid unnecessary complications.
– Laurie C. Carter, DDS, PhD

OBJECTIVES

Assess the unique clinical and radiological sequelae following oro-antral communications/fistulae (OAC/OAF) due to implant dentistry vs other etiologies.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A structured form served to collect data from medical records. All consecutive patients who underwent surgical closure of OACs/OAFs between 2003 and 2020, at a single center were included. Demographic, radiological, clinical, operative and postoperative characteristics were collected. The differences between groups (cases with implant dentistry etiology [IDE] vs cases with other etiologies) were assessed statistically.

RESULTS

Data were gathered from 121 cases. The findings show that IDE cases were more likely to be of older age (OR = 1.07, CI [1.02, 1.13] P = .02); to have a foreign body in the maxillary sinus (OR = 21.04, CI [4.34, 114.92] P < .01); to have fluid passage (OR = 11.40, CI [1.87, 118.73] P = .02) and purulent discharge through the fistula (OR = 3.52, CI [0.86, 16.34] P = .09).

CONCLUSIONS

Clinical and radiological sequelae due to OACs/OAFs secondary to implant dentistry procedures are more severe compared to other etiologies. The suggested pathogenesis is foreign body reaction. Early and accurate diagnosis of the foreign body location, followed by its early removal is recommended.

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